NM center on law and poverty
 

Article by Jeremy Pawloski
Appeared in The Albuquerque Journal


"Advocates Say Poor Are Serving More Time in N.M. Jails"
By Jeremy Pawloski, Journal Staff Writer

    A third-offense DWI charge against Jay Paine was dropped without prosecution, but Paine still paid a high price for the arrest— four months in jail, loss of the van that was Paine's only home and all his personal possessions.
    Paine now lives in a Santa Fe storage locker.
    "Now that I'm here, I have no income and I'm broke, homeless and everything else," Paine said during a recent interview at the storage locker.
    Paine said he does odd jobs at the storage facility in return for being able to stay in a locker.
    "I have a couch in (unit) 13," Paine said.
    During Paine's lengthy stay in the Santa Fe County jail, his previous home— a 1986 Ford Econoline van— was impounded and ultimately sold for scrap as the months passed, according to Santa Fe civil rights attorney Mark Donatelli, who is checking into Paine's case.
    Why couldn't Paine get out of jail before his case was dropped?
    Paine, 59, who claims he has a disability from a head injury he sustained in a car crash, said he did not have access to the $250 in bond money that could have secured his release.
    But Donatelli said Paine could have gotten out of jail while awaiting the outcome of his case if a public defender had simply had a judge review Paine's conditions of release.
    Gail Evans, senior attorney for the New Mexico Center on Law and Poverty, said in a recent interview that a defendant who was not indigent would not have stayed as long in jail as Paine did.
    "Basically, he was being held because he's poor," Evans said.
    "It's inexcusable that someone stays in a cage for that period of time simply because they can't come up with $250," Donatelli said.
    The DWI charge was dismissed despite the fact that hospital records show Paine's blood-alcohol level was 0.10 percent— 0.02 percent over the legal driving limit— after his June 3 arrest during a traffic stop on N.M. 599. Assistant District Attorney Alfred Creecy confirmed recently that he dismissed Paine's DWI charge, but he refused to say why.
   
Fixing system
    New Mexico chief public defender John Bigelow said Friday that he has appointed his chief deputy to launch a full-scale investigation into Paine's case, to make sure there aren't any other indigent defendants in the same position.
    Bigelow said the point of the investigation is to "fix what happened and make sure it doesn't happen again."
    Hugh Dangler, district defender for the Santa Fe Public Defender's Office, said recently that there was a problem with vacancies in the Santa Fe office due to turnover over the summer.
    Paine possibly wound up spending more time in jail than he would have had he been convicted of the DWI. If Paine had been convicted of the third offense DWI, he would have faced a mandatory 30 days in jail, but a judge also could have imposed a maximum jail sentence of 364 days.
    Evans, Donatelli and others say cases like Paine's show problems in New Mexico's system for providing legal services to the indigent.
    "What we're looking at is systemic, ineffective assistance-of-counsel issues due to a lack of resources," Evans said during an interview in her Albuquerque office last week.
    Evans would not rule out a lawsuit against the state as one method for redressing what she contends are the inequities in funding between public defender departments and district attorney's offices in New Mexico.
    "We want to work with the public defender administration to solve these resource problems," Evans said. "If we can't, we're going to consider all of our options. And one of them is filing a lawsuit."
    "The problem is much deeper than Jay Paine's case," Donatelli said. "For the past several years, the Public Defender's office has been woefully underfunded."
    Earlier this year, Santa Fe District Michael Vigil dismissed a criminal sexual penetration case against Paul Stock, a defendant who spent three years in jail without his case ever going to trial.
    Vigil said in court that Stock's right to a speedy trial had been violated and that is why he dismissed that case. In that case, Vigil cited failures by both Stock's public defender and the case's prosecutor in making sure Stock got a competency evaluation and that his case went to trial.
   
Resources needed
    Some important people in New Mexico's legal community, including a Supreme Court justice, agree with Donatelli's assessment that the state's Public Defender Department does not have the resources it needs.
    "The Public Defender Department simply doesn't have enough people," said New Mexico Supreme Court Justice Richard Bosson during a recent interview in his chambers. "We all agree on that."
    According to Bigelow, the statewide public defender program has a budget of around $29 million, enough for about 130 staff attorneys who regularly represent clients in cases and to pay 100 contract attorneys to represent clients.
    Bosson said that he is a member of a committee formed by Chief Supreme Court Justice Petra Maes— the Supreme Court's Criminal Justice Task Force— that is trying to fund a study of the overall criminal justice system in New Mexico to identify needs and gaps in resources.
    Bosson stressed that making sure the criminal justice system works efficiently for defendants is important.
    "It's in the Constitution. No one is well-served when the system cannot function in a timely fashion," Bosson said.
    Bosson said that members of the criminal justice task force have brought their issues to Gov. Bill Richardson, and Richardson was receptive to those overtures.
    Bosson said that everyone in New Mexico's legal community agrees, "the Public Defender's Office is in dire financial straits."
   
Debating statistics
    Gilbert Gallegos, a spokesman for Richardson, said via an e-mail message that "the Governor is targeting public safety as a priority, and he proposing a number of new ideas." But he didn't directly address the public defender issue.
    According to information collected by Evans, in Santa Fe's First Judicial District, the District Attorney's Office is currently operating under a $2,478,776 budget with 24 staff attorneys.
    The Santa Fe Public Defender's Office on the other hand, is now operating under an $810,316 budget and has 12 staff attorneys, according to Evans' statistics.
    In a recent interview, Santa Fe District Attorney Henry Valdez and Victoria Bransford, director of the Administrative Office of the District Attorneys, contested Evans' comparisons between the resources for public defenders and prosecutors. Both said Evans' statistics are inaccurate.
    For example, Valdez said Evans' figures don't take into account the number of contract attorneys employed by the Santa Fe Public Defender's Office. He said that with those attorneys in the equation, the district attorney and public defender offices have an equal number of attorneys.
    "We don't even know how to address this because there are so many flaws in the way she did this ad-hoc study," Bransford said.
    Valdez also said it is unfair to compare funding and staffing levels of district attorney's offices and public defender's offices because the offices perform such different functions and have different caseloads.
    "We deal with every case that goes through the door," Valdez said. "Public defenders only deal with cases that have been charged."
    Valdez noted that public defenders only take cases involving indigent clients, while defendants who can pay hire their own attorneys. District attorneys must handle all criminal cases.
    Valdez and Bransford also shared statistics that show public defenders and prosecutors make comparable salaries.
    Overall, Valdez said, "there's no question that the public defender's office needs resources. But the way to get more resources is not to compare the public defender's department to the district attorney's, because the DA's offices are underfunded, as well."
    Bigelow, who chairs the Supreme Court's Criminal Justice Task Force, said the task force is still working to study staffing levels and resources for the entire criminal justice system in New Mexico, including public defender departments, district attorneys' offices and other court departments.